FXS FMR1
Disease ID
FXS, FXTAS, POF1
Gene ID
FMR1
Updated
Jun 4, 2025
v2.4.3
v2.4.3
Disease
Name
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), and fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency FXPOI/POF1
Inheritance
X-linked dominant Description
Prevalence
14 100,000
Locus
Details
Alleles
Ref. Motif
CGG
Pathogenic (ref.)
CGG
Pathogenic (gene)
CGG
gnomAD
Pathogenic Genotype (%): % of individuals predicted to be affected based on their genotype
References
Direct supporting references for info on this page.
4
FMR1 Disorders
Jessica Ezzell,Hunter, Elizabeth,Berry-Kravis, Heather,Hipp, Peter K.,Todd
GeneReviews® · 1993-01-01
genereviews:NBK13845
Epidemiology of fragile X syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Jessica,Hunter, Oliver,Rivero-Arias, Angel,Angelov, Edward,Kim, Iain,Fotheringham, Jose,Leal
American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2014-04-03
pmid:247006186
Profiling of Short-Tandem-Repeat Disease Alleles in 12,632 Human Whole Genomes.
Haibao,Tang, Ewen F,Kirkness, Christoph,Lippert, William H,Biggs, Martin,Fabani, Ernesto,Guzman, Smriti,Ramakrishnan, Victor,Lavrenko, Boyko,Kakaradov, Claire,Hou, Barry,Hicks, David,Heckerman, Franz J,Och, C Thomas,Caskey, J Craig,Venter, Amalio,Telenti
American journal of human genetics · 2017-11-02
pmid:291000848
Population-based FMR1 carrier screening among reproductive women.
Quratul,Ain, Ye Hyun,Hwang, Daryl,Yeung, Pacharee,Panpaprai, Wiwat,Iamurairat, Wiboon,Chutimongkonkul, Objoon,Trachoo, Flora,Tassone, Poonnada,Jiraanont
Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024-09-25
pmid:3932055310
CGG repeat length correlates with age of onset of motor signs of the fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS).
Flora,Tassone, John,Adams, Elizabeth M,Berry-Kravis, Susannah S,Cohen, Alfredo,Brusco, Maureen A,Leehey, Lexin,Li, Randi J,Hagerman, Paul J,Hagerman
American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2007-06-05
pmid:1742718811
Fragile X Gray Zone Alleles Are Associated With Signs of Parkinsonism and Earlier Death.
Deborah A,Hall, Sukriti,Nag, Bichun,Ouyang, David A,Bennett, Yuanqing,Liu, Aisha,Ali, Lili,Zhou, Elizabeth,Berry-Kravis
Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2020-05-28
pmid:3246354212
Detecting AGG Interruptions in Females With a FMR1 Premutation by Long-Read Single-Molecule Sequencing: A 1 Year Clinical Experience.
Simon,Ardui, Valerie,Race, Thomy,de Ravel, Hilde,Van Esch, Koenraad,Devriendt, Gert,Matthijs, Joris R,Vermeesch
Frontiers in genetics · 2018-05-16
pmid:2986810813
Diseases of unstable repeat expansion: mechanisms and common principles.
Jennifer R,Gatchel, Huda Y,Zoghbi
Nature reviews. Genetics · 2005-10-01
pmid:1620571414
Clinical and neuroimaging review of triplet repeat diseases.
Ryo,Kurokawa, Mariko,Kurokawa, Akihiko,Mitsutake, Moto,Nakaya, Akira,Baba, Yasuhiro,Nakata, Toshio,Moritani, Osamu,Abe
Japanese journal of radiology · 2022-09-28
pmid:3616976815
Molecular studies of the fragile X syndrome.
S J,Knight, M C,Hirst, A,Roche, Z,Christodoulou, S M,Huson, R,Winter, M,Fitchett, M J,McKinley, R H,Lindenbaum, Y,Nakahori
American journal of medical genetics
pmid:160519416
Identification of a gene (FMR-1) containing a CGG repeat coincident with a breakpoint cluster region exhibiting length variation in fragile X syndrome.
A J,Verkerk, M,Pieretti, J S,Sutcliffe, Y H,Fu, D P,Kuhl, A,Pizzuti, O,Reiner, S,Richards, M F,Victoria, F P,Zhang
Cell · 1991-05-31
pmid:1710175Additional Literature
Additional literature related to this locus.
Raw PubMed search results
(All PubMed results returned by searching for this gene, tandem
repeats, and disease, in medline format)
Depression Symptom Trajectories in Mothers With the FMR1 Premutation Vary by CGG Repeat Length: A Longitudinal Study of 73 Women Spanning 20-75 Years of Age.
Jessica,Klusek, Lauren,Jenner, Abigail L,Hogan, Laura,Friedman, Elizabeth,Berry-Kravis, Flora,Tassone, Tatyana,Adayev, Amanda J,Fairchild, Jane E,Roberts
American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2025-05-26
pmid:40418066A genome-wide approach for the discovery of novel repeat expansion disorders in the Undiagnosed Diseases Network cohort.
Sarah,Fazal, Harriet,Dashnow, Maike F,Dohrn, Jacquelyn,Raposo, Laurel,Hiatt, Matt C,Danzi, Isaac R L,Xu, Camilo,Toro, David R,Adams, Karen,Usdin, Bruce,Hayward, Shilpa Nadimpalli,Kobren, Shamil R,Sunyaev, Rebecca C,Spillmann, Vandana,Shashi, Adriana,Rebelo, Guney,Bademci, Mustafa,Tekin, Aaron R,Quinlan, Stephan,Züchner
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025-05-22
pmid:40417743MSH2 is not required for either maintenance of DNA methylation or repeat contraction at the FMR1 locus in fragile X syndrome or the FXN locus in Friedreich's ataxia.
Jessalyn,Grant-Bier, Kathryn,Ruppert, Bruce,Hayward, Karen,Usdin, Daman,Kumari
Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025-04-28
pmid:40296143Transcriptomic profiling of unmethylated full mutation carriers implicates TET3 in FMR1 CGG repeat expansion methylation dynamics in fragile X syndrome.
Grace,Farmiloe, Veronika,Bejczy, Elisabetta,Tabolacci, Rob,Willemsen, Frank,Jacobs
Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025-04-26
pmid:40287634Beyond Repetition: The Role of Gray Zone Alleles in the Upregulation of
Adriana,Vilkaite, Xuan Phuoc,Nguyen, Cansu Türkan,Güzel, Lucas,Gottschlich, Ulrike,Bender, Jens E,Dietrich, Katrin,Hinderhofer, Thomas,Strowitzki, Julia,Rehnitz
International journal of molecular sciences · 2025-03-29
pmid:40244008In Utero Alcohol and Unsuitable Home Environmental Exposure Combined with
Tri Indah,Winarni, Ramkumar,Aishworiya, Hannah,Culpepper, Marwa,Zafarullah, Guadalupe,Mendoza, Tanaporn Jasmine,Wilaisakditipakorn, Narueporn,Likhitweerawong, Julie,Law, Randi,Hagerman, Flora,Tassone
International journal of molecular sciences · 2025-03-21
pmid:40243429Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing as a First-Tier Diagnostic Test to Detect Repeat Expansions in Neurological Disorders.
Eddy N,de Boer, Arjen J,Scheper, Dennis,Hendriksen, Bart,Charbon, Gerben,van der Vries, Annelies M,Ten Berge, Petra M,Grootscholten, Henny H,Lemmink, Jan D H,Jongbloed, Laura,Bosscher, Nine V A M,Knoers, Morris A,Swertz, Birgit,Sikkema-Raddatz, Dorieke J,Dijkstra, Lennart F,Johansson, Cleo C,van Diemen
International journal of molecular sciences · 2025-03-21
pmid:40243408ATXN2L primarily interacts with NUFIP2, the absence of ATXN2L results in NUFIP2 depletion, and the ATXN2-polyQ expansion triggers NUFIP2 accumulation.
Jana,Key, Luis-Enrique,Almaguer-Mederos, Arvind Reddy,Kandi, Nesli-Ece,Sen, Suzana,Gispert, Gabriele,Köpf, David,Meierhofer, Georg,Auburger
Neurobiology of disease · 2025-04-11
pmid:40220918Mosaic H3K9me3 at BREACHes predicts synaptic gene expression associated with fragile X syndrome cognitive severity.
Kenneth,Pham, Thomas,Malachowski, Linda,Zhou, Ji Hun,Kim, Chuanbin,Su, Jennifer E,Phillips-Cremins
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025-03-19
pmid:40166285